Static Malware Analysis | Malware

Static Malware Analysis refers to analyzing malware by simply examining its code, without actually running it. This type of analysis uses a variety of tools and techniques to understand the malware’s content and behavior.

Here is detailed information about this process:

What is Static Analysis?

Static analysis involves examining a malware before it is executed. This includes direct analysis of the code, examining file properties and configuration, etc. This is a basic technique used to understand what the malware does and how it works.

Static Analysis Stages:

1. Reviewing File Properties:

   • File Name: Specifies the name of the malware.

   • MD5 Checksums (Hashes): Provides a unique digital fingerprint of the file and is used to check if the file has been modified.

   • File Type and Size: Determines the type of file (e.g., .exe, .dll) and size.

2. Code Analysis:

   • Analyzing Binary Code: The binary code of the malware is analyzed in assembly language or other low-level languages. This is done to understand the functionality and structure of the software.

   • Static Scans: Scans for specific patterns, commands, or signatures of code. This can help find malicious functionality or known malware signatures.

3. Analysis Tools:

   • Disassembler and Decompiler: Makes the code human-readable. For example, tools like IDA Pro or Ghidra analyze the binary code and convert it into a more meaningful format.

   • Hash Calculators: Calculates the hash values of the file, such as MD5, SHA-1, or SHA-256, and checks the integrity of the file.

   • Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Modern tools can use artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques to identify and analyze malware.

     
     

Advantages and Disadvantages of Static Analysis:

• Advantages:

  • Safe: Risks are minimized as the software is analyzed without running it.

  • Viewing Code Content: Information about the internal structure and functioning of the malware can be obtained.

  • Quick Analysis: You can analyze the code directly instead of running the software.

• Disadvantages:

  • Dynamic Behaviors Cannot Be Seen: The behaviors of the software while it is running cannot be analyzed.

  • Anti-Analysis Techniques: Malware can use various techniques to complicate the analysis process (for example, having the code only run under certain conditions).

Sample Tools and Techniques:

• IDA Pro: A disassembler and debugger used to examine binary code.

• Ghidra: An open source decompiler and analysis tool developed by the NSA.

• PEiD: Helps analyze Windows PE (Portable Executable) files and detects embedded signatures within the file.

  
  

Static analysis is an important step in analyzing malware and provides fundamental information to understand how malware works. Such analysis is critical for both understanding threats and protecting systems.

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